Analyzing international arms trade systems using the holsti framework 4. A dynamic separable network model with heterogeneity components michael lebacher, paul w. President trump effectively unsigned an international arms sales agreement friday, moving to withdraw the u. It offers the potential for development and expansion, but without the risks of internal research and development. Trends in international arms transfers, 2018 sipri. In practice, this means arms companies are incredibly adept at taking taxpayers money and convincing governments that the arms trade should be promoted rather than restrained. The question posed by this article, how big is the international arms trade, relates to the quantitative side, and is the main focus of this paper, but qualitative information. The att covers eight categories of conventional weapons, as identified in article 2.
About 60% of the human rights violations documented in a study by amnesty. The complexity of these networks makes it impossible to only address the illicit trade in arms. Background the proliferation and illicit international movement of firearms and explosives worldwide involves a complex mix of interrelated issues. The multibillion dollar business of the international conventional arms trade involves virtually every country in the world. The international arms trade predominantly consists of developed countries selling to developing states. The international arms trade treaty arms control association. There is a category arms and ammunition including for civilian use, although the. The arms trade is a business with a privileged place in the heart of government. The global arms trade cliffsnotes tufts university. Trends in international arms transfers, 2018 pieter d. Sep 10, 2005 next article reed elsevier and the international arms trade reed elseviers reply thomas wakley founded the lancet in 1823 as a beacon of medical knowledge and as a powerful ethical voice. Arms sales and defense trade are key tools of foreign policy with potential longterm implications for regional security. Reed elsevier and the international arms trade the lancet. This is an unpublished essay for a group assignment for the course ssa 2044 international economics.
The international arms trade isbn 9780745641546 pdf epub. Why the arms trade treaty matters and why it matters that. The majority of the worlds major conventional defense companies already operate in one of the most regulated markets in the world. These weapons have the potential to cause a deadly and current threat one responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths a year. Section i examines recent trends in the global arms trade. The paper looks at whether we might find an international arms trade in the late bronze age using the evidence of the amarna letters and similar documents, and the. For this reason, the united states takes into account political, military, economic, arms control, and human rights conditions in making decisions on the provision of military equipment and the licensing of direct commercial. The ethics of the international arms trade maitland 1998. Apr 26, 2019 president trump effectively unsigned an international arms sales agreement friday, moving to withdraw the u. The united nationss groundbreaking arms trade treaty att, which went into effect in 2014, sets legally binding standards to regulate global arms exports and reflects the growing concerns toward the significant role that small and major conventional arms play in perpetuating human rights violations, conflict, and societal instability worldwide. Federal register international traffic in arms regulations. It requires states to monitor arms exports, and ensure that their. The potential role of the dark web in facilitating trade in firearms, ammunition and explosives has gained increased public attention following recent terrorist attacks in europe.
Unfortunately, there is no sitc code, or collection of codes, that properly captures the international arms trade. Choosing among competing approaches and frameworks. The authors trace the history of the arms trade and examine how it has evolved since the end of the cold war. In practice, however, the international arms industry gives considerable cause for ethical misgivings, which are here explored. The arms trade treaty requires all statesparties to adopt basic regulations and approval processes for the flow of weapons across international borders, establishes common international standards that must be met before arms exports are authorized, and requires annual reporting of imports and exports to a treaty secretariat. Difficult to define, measure, and control find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. International human rights law and genderbased violence in article 7 risk assessments april 2019 the arms trade treaty att aims to reduce human suffering. The arms trade treaty, however, limits itself to weaponry and ammunition. What are the potential implications of dark web enabled arms trafficking for law enforcement agencies and policy makers, at both national and international levels. This trade diversifies the products and services that domestic customers can receive.
Arms trade treaty the swift entry into force of the att would be a clear indication of its signatories willingness and determination to address the poorly regulated international arms trade. Its exports of major arms grew by 29 per cent between the two periods and its share of total global exports rose from 30. Enter your mobile number or email address below and well send you a link to download the free kindle app. The arms trade treaty preamble the states parties to this treaty, guided by the purposes and principles of the charter of the united nations, recalling article 26 of the charter of the united nations which seeks to promote the establishment and maintenance of international peace and security with. International trade allows countries, states, brands, and businesses to buy and sell in foreign markets. It offers the potential for development and expansion. Sep 11, 2001 the arms trade is big business, with some trillion dollars being spent on military budgets and purchases each year around the world. In 2014 the arms trade treaty att came into force, with the aim of regulating the international trade in conventional weapons. The report typically follows the trends of major arms suppliers, but as was noted in the 2007 grimmett report, there has been an increase in participation of other nontraditional suppliers, such as israel, spain, sweden and ukraine.
The arms trade treaty and drones the stimson center. Most of the arms trade is not subject to international standards. United nations the arms trade treaty preamble the states parties to this treaty, guided by the purposes and principles of the charter of the united nations, recalling article 26 of the charter of the united nations which seeks to promote the establishment and maintenance of international peace and security with. Recent developments in small arms and light weapons manufacturing. Resource s ideas for peace and security implementing the arms trade treaty. The arms trade treaty att aims to reduce human suffering. Pdf arms trade, military spending, and economic growth. Towards a universal arms trade treaty rand corporation. The players in the arms trade include governments, private companies, gunrunners, rebel movements, and terrorists. Section ii presents an overview of the swedish arms industry. The political economy of the global arms trade, harper collins, 1995, hd9743. Thurneryand g oran kauermannzx march 8, 2018 abstract we investigate data from the stockholm international peace research institute sipri on international trade of major conventional weapons from 1950 to 2016. The items subject to the jurisdiction of the itar, i.
The arms trade treaty at a glance arms control association. The arms trade treaty att, the first global, legally binding instrument to reg. International traffic in arms regulations wikipedia. Overview of global and regional trends in arms trade. The ethics of the international arms trade maitland. Although the arms trade is small in volume compared to other products trafficked online, its potential impact on international security is significant. The arms trade treaty establishes common international standards for the regulation of the international trade in conventional arms, ammunition, parts and components for the purpose of contributing to peace and security, reducing human suffering, and promoting cooperation and transparency. The openended working group towards an arms trade treaty. This paper was prepared by the international committee of the red cross for the commonwealth secretariat, and was presented at the meeting of commonwealth law ministers and senior officials held in nassau, the bahamas, from 16 to 19 october 2017. Around the globe, peoples lives are being irrevocably changed by the effects of guns, tanks, and missiles.
The illicit trade in small arms and light weapons in all its aspects. Current trends in the international arms trade and. The first book on the subject in nearly a decade, the international arms trade provides an engaging introduction to the trade, the effects, and the consequences of these weapons. May 08, 2019 for the first time in history, a legally binding instrument established a common regulatory framework for international transfers of conventional arms, and therefore set up universal legal standards for the arms trade, on one of the few areas of global commerce which had escaped any control until now. Implications and consequences of the arms trade treaty. A winwin for the defense industry industry we all want an arms trade treaty by supporting an international, legally binding arms trade treaty, modernday defense equipment companies can contribute both to a safer world and a more secure global arms trade. The arms trade treaty att is a multilateral treaty that regulates the international trade in conventional weapons it entered into force on 24 december 2014. While some general data are provided on worldwide conventional arms transfers by all suppliers, the principal focus of this report is the. The arms trade treaty and international humanitarian law. Recent developments in small arms and light weapons manufacturing, technology and design and implications. Arms trade treaty the swift entry into force of the att would be a clear indication of its signatories willingness and determination to address.
While states, as the licensers of arms transfers, play a key role in the trade, the defence industry is deeply involved in all aspects of the supply of weapons around the world. Difficult to define, measure, and control find, read and cite all the. Prevent and eradicate the illicit trade in conventional arms and prevent their diversion. The module addresses similar kinds of questions raised in respect of the legal trade. For the first time in history, a legally binding instrument established a common regulatory framework for international transfers of conventional arms, and therefore set up universal legal standards for the arms trade, on one of the few areas of global commerce which had escaped any control until now. The international market for arms and military equipment was changed by the economic impact of the end of the cold war. A lancet, he announced, can be an arched window to let in the light, or it can be a sharp surgical instrument to cut out the dross, and i intend. Today the lancet finds itself connected to the profits of the global arms trade. The international arms trade rachel stohl, suzette.
Why the arms trade treaty matters and why it matters. Information on the arms trade includes both qualitative and quantitative information, and both are of central importance for transparency. By establishing common international standards for regulating the international trade in conventional arms. Here are some killer facts about the global arms trade, based on data collected by the stockholm international peace research institute, the small arms survey, and uppsala conflict data program. An electronic copy word or pdf file of a state partys report may be sent to the. Implications and consequences of the arms trade treaty att.
Arms trade, military spending, and economic growth article pdf available in defence and peace economics 184. Biting the bulletis a joint project of basic, international alert and saferworld. Jun 14, 2018 the arms trade treaty and international humanitarian law. Acknowledging that regulation of the international trade in conventional arms and preventing their diversion should not hamper international cooperation and legitimate trade in materiel, equipment and technology for peaceful purposes, emphasizing the desirability of achieving universal adherence to this treaty. It is difficult to escape from the notion that the primary factor behind the international sale of arms is the generation of profits. This page provides some numbers and breakdowns of who sells most of the arms, and who buys them.
The treaty similarly prohibits arms transfers if the arms could be used to commit serious violations of international human rights law. The paper looks at whether we might find an international arms trade in the late bronze age using the evidence of the amarna letters and similar documents, and the spread of military technologies. All documents may freely be used as reference materials for personal use, but not as a part of any form of published academic reference. Understanding the arms trade treaty 5 arms transfers where there are risks of this happening. International traffic in arms regulations itar is a united states regulatory regime to restrict and control the export of defense and military related technologies to safeguard u.
Pdf on jul 1, 2010, paul holtom and others published the international arms trade. Arms sales and defense trade united states department. The arms trade treaty establishes common international standards for the regulation of the international trade in conventional arms, ammunition, parts and components for the purpose of contributing to peace and security, reducing human suffering, and promoting cooperation and. While the benefits of the arms trade accrue to international companies, the costs are.
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